What is an example of a secondary health impact that can arise from disasters?

A secondary health impact refers to health issues that emerge as a consequence of a disaster, rather than from the immediate effects of the disaster itself, which typically involve physical injuries and acute conditions. Increased rates of anxiety and depression are clear examples of such secondary impacts, as they relate to the prolonged psychological effects and stress experienced by individuals after a disaster has occurred. These mental health conditions can emerge in response to the trauma, loss, displacement, and uncertainty that often follow catastrophic events.

In contrast, broken bones, acute infections, and burns are examples of primary health impacts. These are direct results of physical harm sustained during the disaster itself or due to immediate environmental factors. They focus on the initial, tangible injuries that occur as a result of the disaster, highlighting the differing nature of primary versus secondary health impacts. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in disaster nursing practice, as it helps in planning for comprehensive care that addresses both immediate physical health needs and ongoing mental health support.