Which method is considered most effective for decontaminating individuals?

The most effective method for decontaminating individuals is soap and water. This approach is preferred because it effectively removes contaminants from the skin through both the mechanical action of scrubbing and the chemical action of surfactants found in soap. Soap works by breaking down oils and other substances that may carry contaminants, facilitating their removal from the skin surface when rinsed with water.

In various disaster situations, especially those involving chemical exposure, thorough washing with soap and water can significantly reduce the risk of skin absorption of harmful substances. It is crucial to note that water alone may not adequately remove certain contaminants, which is where the cleansing properties of soap become essential.

Other methods like bleach and water are generally not recommended for use on the skin due to potential irritation and chemical burns. Charcoal is typically used for internal decontamination rather than on skin and is effective in the context of ingestion of toxins. The dry brush method may remove some particulate matter but lacks the comprehensive cleansing action of soap and water, making it less effective for thorough decontamination of skin.